mTOR Regulates Lysosomal ATP-Sensitive Two-Pore Na⁺ Channels to Adapt to Metabolic State

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• 作者：Chunlei Cang¹ ; ⁵ ; Yandong Zhou¹ ; ⁵ ; Betsy Navarro² ; Young-jun Seo¹ ; Kimberly Aranda¹ ; Lucy Shi¹ ; Shyuefang Battaglia-Hsu³ ; Itzhak Nissim⁴ ; David E. Clapham² ; Dejian Ren¹ ; ^{dren@sas.upenn.edu}
• 刊名：Cell
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：14 February, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：152
• 期：4
• 页码：778-790
• 全文大小：2000 K

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Summary

Survival in the wild requires organismal adaptations to the availability of nutrients. Endosomes and lysosomes are key intracellular organelles that couple nutrition and metabolic status to cellular responses, but how they detect cytosolic ATP levels is not well understood. Here, we identify an endolysosomal ATP-sensitive Na⁺ channel (lysoNa_ATP). The channel is a complex formed by two-pore channels (TPC1 and TPC2), ion channels previously thought to be gated by nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The channel complex detects nutrient status, becomes constitutively open upon nutrient removal and mTOR translocation off the lysosomal membrane, and controls the lysosome¡¯s membrane potential, pH stability, and amino acid homeostasis. Mutant mice lacking lysoNa_ATP have much reduced exercise endurance after fasting. Thus, TPCs make up an ion channel family that couples the cell¡¯s metabolic state to endolysosomal function and are crucial for physical endurance during food restriction.