Lamellar Macular Hole: Two Distinct Clinical Entities?

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• 作者：Andrea Govetto ; Yann Dacquay ; Matthew Farajzadeh ; Eva Platner ; Kyle Hirabayashi ; Hamid Hosseini ; Steven D. Schwartz ; Jean-Pierre Hubschman ; ^{Hubschman@jsei.ucla.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 刊名：American Journal of Ophthalmology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：164
• 期：Complete
• 页码：99-109
• 全文大小：3559 K

文摘

To investigate whether lamellar macular holes can be divided into different subgroups.

Design

Retrospective observational case series.

Methods

In this institutional study, clinical charts and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of 102 eyes of 90 consecutive patients diagnosed with lamellar macular hole were reviewed. In OCT imaging, the presence of lamellar macular hole was defined according to the following findings: presence of irregular foveal contour, separation of the layers of the neurosensory retina, and the absence of full-thickness macular defect. Mean outcome was the morphologic and functional characterization of different subtypes of macular hole.

Results

Two different subtypes of lamellar macular hole were identified: tractional and degenerative. The first type, tractional, was diagnosed in 43 eyes, and was characterized by the schitic separation of neurosensory retina between outer plexiform and outer nuclear layers. It often presented with an intact ellipsoid layer and was associated with tractional epiretinal membranes and/or vitreomacular traction. The second type, degenerative, was diagnosed in 48 eyes, and its distinctive traits included the presence of intraretinal cavitation that could affect all retinal layers. It was often associated with nontractional epiretinal proliferation and a retinal “bump.” Moreover, it often presented with early ellipsoidal zone defect and its pathogenesis, although chronic and progressive, remains poorly understood. Eleven eyes shared common features with both tractional and degenerative lamellar macular holes and were classified as mixed lesions.

Conclusions

Degenerative and tractional lamellar macular holes may be 2 distinct clinical entities. A revision of the current concept of lamellar macular holes is needed.