Effect of miltefosine on erythrocytes

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• 作者：Carlos Munoz ; Kousi Alzoubi ; Janin Jacobi ; Majed Abed ; Florian Lang
• 关键词：Phosphatidylserine ; Miltefosine ; Calcium ; Cell volume ; Eryptosis
• 刊名：Toxicology in Vitro
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：September, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：27
• 期：6
• 页码：1913-1919
• 全文大小：896 K

文摘

Background

Miltefosine, an alkylphosphocholine drug with antiparasite, antibacterial, antifungal and antineoplastic potency, is the only oral drug that can be used to treat visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. The effect of miltefosine is at least partially due to triggering of apoptosis. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter suicidal death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and by cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine-exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Eryptosis may be triggered following increase of cytosolic Ca²⁺-level ([Ca²⁺]_i). The present study explored, whether miltefosine elicits eryptosis.

Methods

Cell volume has been estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine-exposure from annexin-V-binding, hemolysis from hemoglobin release, [Ca²⁺]_i from Fluo3-fluorescence.

Results

A 48 h exposure to miltefosine (?4.9 ¦ÌM) was followed by significant decrease of forward scatter and significant increase of annexin-V-binding. The effect was paralleled by significant increase of [Ca²⁺]_i. The annexin-V-binding following miltefosine treatment was significantly blunted in the nominal absence of extracellular Ca²⁺.

Conclusion

Miltefosine stimulates eryptosis, an effect at least partially due to stimulation of Ca²⁺ entry.