Gut microbiome and liver disease

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• 作者：Naga S. Betrapally^a ; Patrick M. Gillevet^a ; Jasmohan S. Bajaj^b ; ^{jasmohan.bajaj@vcuhealth.org}
• 关键词：NAFLD ; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; ALD ; alcoholic liver disease ; TLRs ; Toll-like receptors ; NLRs ; Nod-like receptors ; NASH ; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ; BT ; bacterial translocation ; HE ; hepatic encephalopathy ; ACLF ; acute on chronic liver failure ; TNF-α ; tumor necrosis factor alpha ; RELMβ ; resistin-like molecule β ; MCD ; methionine-choline deficient ; NCD ; normal chow diet ; LPS ; lipopolysaccharide ; IM ; intestinal microbiota ; SCFA ; short chain fatty acids ; LCFA ; long chain fatty acids ; sAH
• 刊名：Translational Research
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：179
• 期：Complete
• 页码：49-59
• 全文大小：349 K
• 卷排序：179

文摘

Gut microbiota changes are important in determining the occurrence and progression of chronic liver disease related to alcohol, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cirrhosis. Specifically, the systemic inflammation, endotoxemia, and the vasodilation that leads to complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatic encephalopathy could be related to the gut milieu. Given the poor prognosis of these events, their prevention and early management are essential. Microbiota may be an essential component of the gut milieu that can impact these clinical events, and the study of their composition and function in a culture-independent manner could help understand the prognosis. Recent human and animal studies have shown that the relative abundance and the functional changes of microbiota in the stool, colonic mucosa, and saliva have varying consequences on the presence and prognosis of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. The impact of therapies on the microbiota is slowly being understood and will likely lead to a more targeted approach to gut microbiota modification in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.