A 35-year-old woman with previous ankylosing spondylitis treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, semiliquid stools, anorexia and weight loss of 5 kg in a month. A blood test showed an increase of CA 125 and C-reactive protein, and a computed tomography scan showed a small right pleural effusion, peritoneal thickening, mild ascites, and thickening of the small intestine wall, compatible with peritoneal carcinomatosis. The Mantoux test was negative.
The exploratory laparotomy showed abdominal miliary seeding with abundant adhesions. Pathological analysis revealed granulomatous peritonitis with caseous necrosis, suggestive of miliary peritoneal tuberculosis.