Both a process and an impact evaluation of the Swedish energy audit program were made.

Company visits helped to estimate additionality effects and quality of audits which was not implicitly addressed previously.

The evaluation showed that energy audits is only the first step to improved energy efficiency at SMEs.

Comparison of audit programs is complicated due to different evaluation methods calling for developing a consistent approach.

The SEAP can be considered cost-effective even though it resulted in less energy savings that predicted.