Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of microalgae lipid: Process optimization and laboratory scale-up

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• 作者：Hanifa Taher ; Sulaiman Al-Zuhair ; Ali H. Al-Marzouqi ; Yousef Haik ; Mohammed Farid ; Saeed Tariq
• 关键词：Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction ; Microalgae ; Lyophilization effect ; Lipid yield and quality ; Response surface methodology
• 刊名：The Journal of Supercritical Fluids
• 出版年：February, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：86
• 期：Complete
• 页码：57-66
• 全文大小：1573 K

文摘

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) extraction of lipid from Scenedesmus sp. for biodiesel production was investigated and compared to conventional extraction methods. The effect of biomass pre-treatment prior to extraction and extracting conditions, namely pressure in the range of 200-500 bar, temperatures in the range of 35-65 掳C and CO₂ flow rate in the range of 1.38-4.02 g min^鈭?, on SC-CO₂ extraction yield and quality of lipid were investigated. Three levels full factorial design of experiments and response surface methodology was used to model the system. A second order polynomial model was developed and used to predict the optimum conditions. Scaling up to a laboratory larger scale was also tested. The results indicated that SC-CO₂ extraction was superior to other extraction techniques, but exhibited significant variations in yield with changes in operating parameters. In the developed model, it was found that the linear and quadratic terms of the temperature, as well as the interaction with pressure had a significant effect on lipid yield; whereas, their effect on lipid quality was insignificant. The best operating conditions, in the tested range, were 53 掳C, 500 bar and 1.9 g min^鈭?, in which lipid extraction yield of 7.41% (dry weight basis) was obtained. Negligible differences were observed when the fatty acid composition of SC-CO₂ extracted lipid was compared to that extracted by the conventional methods. At the optimum conditions, SC-CO₂ extraction was successfully scaled-up by eight-folds and the extracted lipid yield dropped by 16%.