Tb_xBi_{1鈭?span style='font-style: italic'>x}FeO₃ nanoparticulate multiferroics fabricated by micro-emulsion technique: Structural elucidation and magnetic behavior evaluation

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• 作者：Zobia Anwar ; Muhammad Azhar Khan ; Azhar Mahmood ; M. Asghar ; Imran Shakir ; Muhammad Shahid ; Ismat Bibi ; Muhammad Farooq Warsi
• 关键词：Nanoparticle ; Multiferroics ; Rare earth ; Magnetic parameter
• 刊名：Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
• 出版年：April, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：355
• 期：Complete
• 页码：169-172
• 全文大小：772 K

文摘

Tb-doped BiFeO₃ multiferroics nanoparticles fabricated via micro-emulsion route were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fully characterized Tb_xBi_1鈭?em>xFeO₃ nanoparticles were then subjected to magnetic behavior evaluation for various technological applications. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) conducted in the range 25-1000 掳C predicted the temperature (~960 掳C) for phase formation. XRD estimated the crystallite size 30-47 nm, while the particles size estimated by SEM was found (80-120 nm). The XRD data confirmed the rhombohedral (space group R3c) phase with average cell volume 182.66 脜³ (for BiFeO₃). Various other physical parameters like bulk density, X-ray density and porosity were also determined from the XRD data and found in agreement with theoretical predictions. The magnetic studies showed that as Bi³⁺ was substituted by Tb³⁺, all magnetic parameters were altered. The maximum saturation magnetization (M_s) (0.6691 emug^鈭?) was exhibited by Tb_0.02Bi_0.98FeO₃ while the Tb_0.00Bi_1.00Fe_1.00O₃ showed the maximum (549 Oe) coercivity. The evaluated magnetic behavior categorized these materials as soft magnetic materials that may be useful for fabricating advanced technological applications.