Estimation of turbulent kinetic energy using 4D phase-contrast MRI: Effect of scan parameters and target vessel size

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• 作者：Hojin Ha^a ; Dongha Hwang^b ; Guk Bae Kim^c ; Jihoon Kweon^d ; Sang Joon Lee^a ; ^b ; Jehyun Baek^b ; Young-Hak Kim^d ; Namkug Kim^e ; ^f ; ¹ ; Dong Hyun Yang^f ; ¹ ; ^{donghyun.yang@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：4D phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging ; Turbulent kinetic energy ; Stenotic flow ; Intravoxel standard deviation
• 刊名：Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：34
• 期：6
• 页码：715-723
• 全文大小：1427 K

文摘

Quantifying turbulence velocity fluctuation is important because it indicates the fluid energy dissipation of the blood flow, which is closely related to the pressure drop along the blood vessel. This study aims to evaluate the effects of scan parameters and the target vessel size of 4D phase-contrast (PC)-MRI on quantification of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). Comprehensive 4D PC-MRI measurements with various velocity-encoding (VENC), echo time (TE), and voxel size values were carried out to estimate TKE distribution in stenotic flow. The total TKE (TKE_sum), maximum TKE (TKE_max), and background noise level (TKE_noise) were compared for each scan parameter. The feasibility of TKE estimation in small vessels was also investigated. Results show that the optimum VENC for stenotic flow with a peak velocity of 125 cm/s was 70 cm/s. Higher VENC values overestimated the TKE_sum by up to six-fold due to increased TKE_noise, whereas lower VENC values (30 cm/s) underestimated it by 57.1%. TE and voxel size did not significantly influence the TKE_sum and TKE_noise, although the TKE_max significantly increased as the voxel size increased. TKE quantification in small-sized vessels (3–5-mm diameter) was feasible unless high-velocity turbulence caused severe phase dispersion in the reference image.