We performed a systematic review on 18F-fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT) as imaging biomarker of treatment response.
[18F]FLT positron emission tomography ([18F]FLT-PET) seems to be a good predictor of early response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy.
[18F]FLT uptake shows a good correlation with progression-free survival and disease-free survival.
Correlation between [18F]FLT uptake and overall survival is less consistent.
Interventional studies are needed to confirm the clinical impact of [18F]FLT-PET.