Hypoxia redirects extracellular glucose to glycogen synthesis in human adipocytes.
Glycogen modifies the endocrine function of adipocytes and induces insulin resistance.
Glycogen stimulates leptin secretion through an autophagy-dependent mechanism.
Enforced glycogen accumulation in macrophages promotes M1 polarization.
Obesity is associated with higher GS expression and glycogen stores in adipose tissue.