TNF is able to decrease parasitemia in P. falciparum‐infected RBCs.
TNF induced rises in intracellular calcium concentration, which were blocked by the purinergic receptor agonists KN62 and A438079.
Interfering with intra‐ or extracellular calcium release by thapsigargin or EGTA also block TNF‐induce calcium release in P. falciparum.
Expression of the P. falciparum Proliferating‐Cell Nuclear Antigen 1 (PfPCNA1) decreased after P. falciparum treatment with TNF or 6‐Bnz cAMP.
The data show that Plasmodium may subvert the immunological system and use TNF for the control of its proliferation within the vertebrate host.