Individualism–collectivism and business context as predictors of behaviors in cross-national work settings: Incidence and outcomes

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• 作者：Peter B. Smith^a ; ^{psmith@sussex.ac.uk"" rel=""nofollow} ; Clá ; udio V. Torres^b ; ^{claudio.v.torres@gmail.com"" rel=""nofollow} ; Julia Hecker^c ; ^{j.hecker@open.ac.uk"" rel=""nofollow} ; Chei Hwee Chua^d ; Alena Chudzikova^e ; Serdar Degirmencioglu^f ; Francisco Donoso-Maluf^g ; Nancy Chen Yi Feng^h ; Charles Harbⁱ ; Brad Jackson^j ; Sigmar Malvezzi^k ; Andrew Mogaji^l ; Juan Carlos Pastor^m ; Lorena Perez-Florianoⁿ ; B.N. Srivastava^o ; Gü ; nter Stahl^p ; Stephanie Thomason^q ; Vladimir Yanchuk^r
• 关键词：Cross-cultural skills ; Work interactions ; Individualism– ; collectivism
• 刊名：International Journal of Intercultural Relations
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：July 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：35
• 期：4
• 页码：440-451
• 全文大小：485 K

文摘

Brief descriptions of cross-national problem events by 1349 organizational employees from many nations were content analyzed. Contrasts between individualistic and collectivistic behaviors were much more strongly predicted by variations in business context (e.g., language spoken and hierarchical relations between the parties involved) than by a measure of nation-level in-group collectivism practices. Respondents from individualist nations emphasized performance goals and task focus, whereas those from collectivist nations emphasized personal aspects of work relations more strongly. Task-focused behavioral responses to problems were uniformly associated with positive outcome, whereas the outcome of emotional responses interacted significantly with individualism–collectivism practices. The results are interpreted in terms of collectivists’ greater attention to context.