Lipopolysaccharide sensing an important factor in the innate immune response to Gram-negative bacterial infections: Benefits and hazards of LPS hypersensitivity

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• 作者：Marina A. Freudenberg ; S ; rine Tchaptchet ; Simone Keck ; Gyö ; rgy Fejer ; Michael Huber ; Nicole Schü ; tze ; Bruce Beutler ; Chris Galanos
• 关键词：Bacterial infections ; Interferons ; Lipopolysaccharide ; LPS hypersensitivity ; TLR ; TLR ligands ; Viral infections
• 刊名：Immunobiology
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：14 May 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：213
• 期：3-4
• 页码：193-203
• 全文大小：307 K

文摘

In this review, we summarize our investigations concerning the differential importance of CD14 and LBP in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2)-mediated signaling by smooth and rough-form lipopolysaccharide (LPS) chemotypes and include the results obtained in studies with murine and human TLR4-transgenic mice. Furthermore, we present more recent data on the mechanisms involved in the induction of LPS hypersensitivity by bacterial and viral infections and on the reactivity of the hypersensitive host to non-LPS microbial ligands and endogenous mediators. Finally, the effects of pre-existing hypersensitivity on the course and outcome of a super-infection with Salmonella typhimurium or Listeria monocytogenes are summarized.