In the shadow of terror: Posttraumatic stress and psychiatric co-morbidity following bombing in Iraq: The role of shattered world assumptions and altered self-capacities

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• 作者：Fuaad Mohammed Frehp>ap>p> ; p>p>Fuaad.Freh@plymouth.ac.ukp> ; Man Cheung Chungp>bp> ; Rudi Dallosp>cp>
• 关键词：PTSD ; Psychiatric co-morbidity ; Shattering of world assumption ; Altered self-capacity ; Bombing ; Iraq
• 刊名：Journal of Psychiatric Research
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：February, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：2
• 页码：215-225
• 全文大小：399 K

文摘

Whilst research has looked at posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychiatric co-morbidity among civilians exposed to bombing, there is a lack of longitudinal data on the development of these outcomes and the psychological factors associated with them, particularly among Iraqi civilians. This study aimed to: investigate 1) the trajectory of PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity following bombing among civilians in Iraq and 2) the link between shattered world assumptions, altered self-capacities and identified health outcomes. One hundred and eighty (F = 90, M = 90) Iraqi civilians exposed to first time bombing were recruited approximately one month (time 1) after the bombing and five months (time 2) after the baseline assessment. A control group data (178, F = 91, M = 87) from people who were not exposed to bombing was also collected. They completed the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, the General Health Questionnaire-28, the World Assumptions Questionnaire and the Inventory of Altered Self-Capacities. The results showed that there was a significant decline in the proportion of people meeting the screening criteria for PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity symptoms over time. For the cross-sectional analysis, controlling for demographic variables, regression analysis showed that severity of the bombing (¦Â = .16), controllability of events (¦Â = ?.21), safety and vulnerability (¦Â = .31) and affect dysregulation (¦Â = .37) significantly predicted PTSD time 1. Controllability of events (¦Â = ?.20) and affect dysregulation (¦Â = .37) also predicted psychiatric co-morbidity at time 1. For the prospective analysis, controlling for PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity at time 1, none of these dimensions predicted PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity at time 2. Findings are discussed in terms of individual resilience. It can be concluded that following bombing, civilians developed PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity which declined over time. Civilians' perceptions of their ability to control events in the world and regulate their affect had a short term impact on the severity of these symptoms.