Mycoplasma gallisepticum modifies the pathogenesis of influenza A virus in the avian tracheal epithelium

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• 作者：Hicham Sid ; Sandra Hartmann ; Henning Petersen ; Martin Ryll ; Silke Rautenschlein ; ^{Silke.Rautenschlein@tiho-hannover.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Mucosal surface ; Mycoplasma gallisepticum ; Influenza A virus ; In vitro model
• 刊名：International Journal of Medical Microbiology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：306
• 期：3
• 页码：174-186
• 全文大小：1573 K

文摘

Multiple respiratory infections have a significant impact on health and economy. Pathogenesis of co-infecting viruses and bacteria and their interaction with mucosal surfaces are poorly characterized. In this study we established a co-infection model based on pre-incubation of tracheal organ cultures (TOC) with Mycoplasma (M.) gallisepticum and a subsequent infection with avian influenza virus (AIV). Mycoplasma gallisepticum modified the pathogenesis of AIV as demonstrated in TOC of two different avian species (chickens and turkeys). Co-infection promoted bacterial growth in tracheal epithelium. Depending on the interaction time of M. gallisepticum with the host cells, AIV replication was either promoted or suppressed. M. gallisepticum inhibited the antiviral gene expression and affected AIV attachment to the host cell by desialylation of α-2,3 linked sialic acids. Ultrastructural analysis of co-infected TOC suggests that both pathogens may attach to and possibly infect the same epithelial cell. The obtained results contribute to better understanding of the interaction dynamics between M. gallisepticum and AIV. They highlight the importance of the time interval between infections as well as the biological properties of the involved pathogens as influencing factors in the outcome of respiratory infections.