We investigated anatomical factors influencing hemispheric language dominance.
Basal ganglia involvement by tumor was correlated with co-dominance (p < 0.001).
Insula and precentral gyrus may also play roles in plasticity of language network.
Involvement of Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas did not correlate with co-dominance.
Interhemispheric reorganization of language may confer behavioral advantages.