The spatial distribution of gender differences in obesity prevalence differs from overall obesity prevalence among US adults

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• 作者：Danielle R. Gartner ; MS^a ; ^b ; Daniel R. Taber ; PhD ; MPH^c ; Jana A. Hirsch ; PhD ; MES^b ; Whitney R. Robinson ; PhD ; MSPH^a ; ^b ; ^{whitney_robinson@unc.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Behavioral risk factor surveillance ; Continental population groups ; Environment ; Ethnic groups ; Female ; Male ; Obesity ; Social environment ; Spatial analysis ; United States
• 刊名：Annals of Epidemiology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：26
• 期：4
• 页码：293-298
• 全文大小：1330 K

文摘

Although obesity disparities between racial and socioeconomic groups have been well characterized, those based on gender and geography have not been as thoroughly documented. This study describes obesity prevalence by state, gender, and race and/or ethnicity to (1) characterize obesity gender inequality, (2) determine if the geographic distribution of inequality is spatially clustered, and (3) contrast the spatial clustering patterns of obesity gender inequality with overall obesity prevalence.

Methods

Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to calculate state-specific obesity prevalence and gender inequality measures. Global and local Moran's indices were calculated to determine spatial autocorrelation.

Results

Age-adjusted, state-specific obesity prevalence difference and ratio measures show spatial autocorrelation (z-score = 4.89, P-value < .001). Local Moran's indices indicate the spatial distributions of obesity prevalence and obesity gender inequalities are not the same. High and low values of obesity prevalence and gender inequalities cluster in different areas of the United States.

Conclusions

Clustering of gender inequality suggests that spatial processes operating at the state level, such as occupational or physical activity policies or social norms, are involved in the etiology of the inequality and necessitate further attention to the determinates of obesity gender inequality.