The study aims to investigate if temperature may have an influence on cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated ProTaper instruments (ProTaper Gold [PTG]) compared with the traditional alloy of ProTaper Universal (PTU). PTU showed a statistically significant reduction in fatigue life at intracanal temperature (35°) compared with room temperature (20°) (P < .05). PTG registered no differences in fatigue life between the 2 temperatures tested (P > .05). PTG files exhibited a statistically significant higher cyclic fatigue resistance when compared with the same size of PTU at both temperatures tested.