The β-angle was measured on AP radiographs, unformatted 2-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) scan, and reformatted 2D CT scan in the scapular plane for 51 shoulders of 49 patients undergoing primary total shoulder arthroplasty. Comparison to the glenoid inclination angle calculated by the 3D software was performed.
The β-angle measured on reformatted CT scan was found to be the most accurate measurement method, with a mean difference of 1° (standard deviation [SD], 0.5°) with respect to 3D measurement. On AP radiographs, the β-angle was not as accurate, with a mean difference of 3° (SD, 0.7°; P < .006). The β-angle on unformatted 2D CT scan was not a reliable method to measure glenoid inclination, with a mean difference of 10° (SD, 0.9°; P < .0001).
The β-angle measured with 2D CT scan formatted in the scapular plane was the most accurate method for measuring glenoid inclination. The β-angle on the AP radiograph is less accurate and reliable. Measurement of the β-angle on an unformatted 2D CT scan is not an acceptable method to determine glenoid inclination.