The orchestra of lipid-transfer proteins at the crossroads between metabolism and signaling

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• 作者：Antonella Chiapparino^a ; Kenji Maeda^a ; ¹ ; Denes Turei^a ; ^b ; Julio Saez-Rodriguez^b ; ² ; Anne-Claude Gavin^a ; ^c ; ^{gavin@embl.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：CERT ; ceramide transfer protein ; CETP ; cholesteryl ester transfer protein ; ER ; endoplasmic reticulum ; FABP ; fatty acid-binding protein ; FFAT ; diphenylalanine in an acidic tract ; GAP ; GTPase-activating protein ; GEF ; guanine nucleotide exchange factor ; GLs ; glycerolipids ; GLTP ; glycolipid transfer protein ; GLTPD1 ; glycolipid transfer protein domain-containing protein 1 ; GM2A ; ganglioside GM2 activator protein ; GPL ; glycerophospholipids ; LTD ; lipid-transfer domain ; LTP ; lipid transfer protein ; MCS
• 刊名：Progress in Lipid Research
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：61
• 期：Complete
• 页码：30-39
• 全文大小：1827 K

文摘

Within the eukaryotic cell, more than 1000 species of lipids define a series of membranes essential for cell function. Tightly controlled systems of lipid transport underlie the proper spatiotemporal distribution of membrane lipids, the coordination of spatially separated lipid metabolic pathways, and lipid signaling mediated by soluble proteins that may be localized some distance away from membranes. Alongside the well-established vesicular transport of lipids, non-vesicular transport mediated by a group of proteins referred to as lipid-transfer proteins (LTPs) is emerging as a key mechanism of lipid transport in a broad range of biological processes. More than a hundred LTPs exist in humans and these can be divided into at least ten protein families. LTPs are widely distributed in tissues, organelles and membrane contact sites (MCSs), as well as in the extracellular space. They all possess a soluble and globular domain that encapsulates a lipid monomer and they specifically bind and transport a wide range of lipids. Here, we present the most recent discoveries in the functions and physiological roles of LTPs, which have expanded the playground of lipids into the aqueous spaces of cells.