The effect of the diameter on air-water annular and churn flow in vertical pipes with and without surfactants
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文摘

We studied air-water flow with and without surfactants in 34–80 mm ID vertical pipes.

The flow behaviour around the annular-churn transition depends on the diameter.

Surfactants reduce the pressure gradient at low gas flow rates.

Surfactants are less effective as the thickness of the film at the wall increases.

Film thickness increases for smaller pipe diameters and larger liquid flow rates.

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