The study provides a state-of-the-art review of the attempts towards mitigating the UHI effects. The study looks at the current status and future direction of UHI phenomenon in mega-cities. Multi-scale phenomena, observational and simulation approaches are methods to study UHI effects. Low albedo materials in building façade are used to reduce the UHI effect in the South-East Asian cities. Green roof is an effective strategy on reduction of environmental temperature in urban areas.