Agonistic engagement of TLR7 reduces CD4 T cell functional activity. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) inhibits CD4 T-cell IL2 and interferon γ production and expression of activation markers. A TLR7 inhibitory oligonucleotide sequence reverts HCV-induced CD4 T cell anergy. Viral RNA binding to TLR7 may be a general mechanism of RNA virus evasion from host's adaptive immunity. The use of TLR7 agonists to treat chronic RNA virus infections could be counter-productive.