Calcaneal spurs: Examining etiology using prehistoric skeletal remains to understand present day heel pain

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• 作者：Elizabeth Weiss
• 关键词：Calcaneal spurs ; Heel pain ; Achilles tendon ; Plantar fasciitis
• 刊名：The Foot
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：September, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：22
• 期：3
• 页码：125-129
• 全文大小：190 K

文摘

Background

Calcanei are the most common sites for bony spurs. Although calcaneal enthesophytes have been extensively researched, many unknowns remain. Whether biological factors, such as age, weight and genetics, play a greater role in calcaneal spur etiology than activity is still unknown.

Objectives

The current study examines 121 adults from a prehistoric hunter-gatherer population to aid in understanding bony spur etiology.

Methods

Calcaneal spurs are scored as present or absent on the dorsal or plantar side; they are analyzed in regards to their relationships with age, sex, osteoarthritis, cortical index, femoral head breadth and muscle markers.

Results

Dorsal and plantar spurs frequencies increase with age (chi-squares = 16.90, 7.268, Ps < 0.05, respectively). Dorsal spurs were more frequent than plantar spurs (chi-square = 38.000; P < 0.0001). There is a positive relationship with calcaneal spurs and upper limb and lower limb osteoarthritis (chi-squares = 5.587, 7.640, Ps < 0.05, respectively).

Conclusions

The data presented support that dorsal spurs are in part the result of activities, but plantar spurs may be a more modern phenomena resulting from long periods of standing and excess weight.