Seriation incline angles of axial separation reduce helical baffle manufacture cost.
Adjacent helical baffles are separated by sleeve tubes to form a greater pitch helix.
Flow and thermal performances of normal and axial separation schemes were simulated.
Deviation of h.t.c. or pressure drop of 21(15)° and 21° schemes is −1.21% or 4.96%.
Seriation step of baffle incline angles can be extended to 8° by axial separation.