The most important factors affecting circulating levels of bone metabolism markers are age and sex.
Heritability for 12 bone metabolism markers was significant, ranging from 0.194 for plasma osteocalcin to 0.516 for plasma sclerostin levels.
Genetic correlations between plasma osteocalcin and bone mineral density were strong with potentially useful diagnostic applications.
Our findings provide useful insights for future gene mapping and genetic prediction studies.