In this manuscript, the recent knowledge on mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease with special interest on misleading Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis has been critically reviewed.
In addition, recent trends and strategies in preclinical and clinical trials are reviewed.
The author reviews alternative theories aiming to elucidate the complicated network of events observed in pathology of Alzheimer's disease with special interest in biological role of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) secreted by endothelium and the interaction of this tropic factor metabolism with the known aspects of homeostasis of biologically relevant transition metal ions like Zn2+ and Cu2+.