Obesity: An overview of possible role(s) of gut hormones, lipid sensing and gut microbiota

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Alok Kumar Mishra ; Vinay Dubey ; Asit Ranjan Ghosh ; ^{asitranjanghosh@vit.ac.in" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：GLP-1 ; glucagon like peptide 1 ; PYY ; peptide YY ; PP ; pancreatic polypeptide ; CCK ; cholecystokinin ; PKC δ ; protein kinase C δ ; WHO ; World Health Organization ; IBD ; inflammatory bowel disease ; T2DM ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; WAT ; white adipose tissue ; PPARγ ; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ ; TF ; transcription factor ; C/EBP ; CCAAT enhancer&ndash ; binding proteins ; GR ; glucocorticoid receptor ; STAT5A ; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A ; CREB ; cAMP-response element-binding
• 刊名：Metabolism
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：65
• 期：1
• 页码：48-65
• 全文大小：808 K

文摘

Obesity is one of the major challenges for public health in 21st century, with 1.9 billion people being considered as overweight and 600 million as obese. There are certain diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and several forms of cancer which were found to be associated with obesity. Therefore, understanding the key molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity could be beneficial for the development of a therapeutic approach. Hormones such as ghrelin, glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) peptide YY (PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), cholecystokinin (CCK) secreted by an endocrine organ gut, have an intense impact on energy balance and maintenance of homeostasis by inducing satiety and meal termination. Glucose and energy homeostasis are also affected by lipid sensing in which different organs respond in different ways. However, there is one common mechanism i.e. formation of esterified lipids (long chain fatty acyl CoAs) and the activation of protein kinase C δ (PKC δ) involved in all these organs. The possible role of gut microbiota and obesity has been addressed by several researchers in recent years, indicating the possible therapeutic approach toward the management of obesity by the introduction of an external living system such as a probiotic. The proposed mechanism behind this activity is attributed by metabolites produced by gut microbial organisms. Thus, this review summarizes the role of various physiological factors such as gut hormone and lipid sensing involved in various tissues and organ and most important by the role of gut microbiota in weight management.