Hypersensitivity reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tolerance to alternative drugs

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• 作者：K. Calvo Campoverde ; M.T. Giner-Muñ ; oz ; L. Martí ; nez Valdez ; M. Rojas Volquez ; J. Lozano Blasco ; A. Machinena ; A.M. Plaza ; ^{aplaza@hsjdbcn.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; Alternative drugs ; Selective hypersensitivity ; Multiple hypersensitivity ; Drug provocation test
• 刊名：Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：84
• 期：3
• 页码：148-153
• 全文大小：385 K

文摘

Hypersensitivity reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common reactions to drugs. The prevalence varies from 0.6 to 5.7% in the general population, but there are no data available in children. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of patients diagnosed with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, and describe their clinical characteristics, type of hypersensitivity, and tolerance to alternative drugs.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on children with suspected hypersensitivity to NSAIDs from January 2012 to December 2013. The diagnosis was confirmed by oral drug provocation test (DPT) to the drug involved in the group with a history of one episode, while in the group with a history of more than one episode with the same drug the diagnosis was based on clinical data. Subsequently, a DPT with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was done in order to classify hypersensitivity into selective or multiple. In those cases with a positive result, a DPT was performed with alternative drugs.

Results

Out of a total of 93 children studied, 26 were diagnosed with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs: 7 confirmed by oral DPT, and 19 based on clinical data. Multiple hypersensitivity was diagnosed in 50% of patients. Ibuprofen was involved in all reactions. The most common clinical manifestation was angioedema (44%). Acetaminophen was the best tolerated alternative drug.

Conclusions

More than one quarter (28%) of the population studied was diagnosed with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, and 50% had multiple hypersensitivity. Acetaminophen is a safe alternative in children with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. Meloxicam may be an alternative in cases that do not tolerate acetaminophen.