Anti-excitotoxic effects of cannabidiol are partly mediated by enhancement of NCX2 and NCX3 expression in animal model of cerebral ischemia

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• 作者：Sepideh Khaksar ^{sepieh.khaksar@gmail.com} ; Mohammad Reza Bigdeli ; ^{bigdelimohammadreza@yahoo.com}
• 关键词：Cannabidiol (PubChem CID ; 26346) ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide (PubChem CID ; 679) ; 2 ; 3 ; 5-triphenyltetrazolium Chloride (PubChem CID ; 9283) ; Evans Blue Dye (PubChem CID ; 24832074) ; Trichloroacetic acid (PubChem CID ; 6421)
• 刊名：European Journal of Pharmacology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：5 January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：794
• 期：Complete
• 页码：270-279
• 全文大小：1790 K
• 卷排序：794

文摘

Excitotoxicity and imbalance of sodium and calcium homeostasis trigger pathophysiologic processes in cerebral ischemia which can accelerate neuronal death. Neuroprotective role of cannabidiol (CBD), one of the main non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids of the cannabis plant, has attracted attention of many researchers in the neurodegenerative diseases studies. The present investigation was designed to determine whether cannabidiol can alleviate the severity of ischemic damages and if it is able to exert its anti-excitotoxic effects through sodium and calcium regulation. By using stereotaxic surgery, a guide cannula was implanted into the lateral ventricle. Cannabidiol (50, 100, and 200 ng/rat; i.c.v.) was administrated for 5 consecutive days. After pretreatment, the rats were subjected to 60 min of right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). After 24 h, neurological deficits score, infarct volume, brain edema, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability in total of hemisphere, cortex, piriform cortex-amygdala, and striatum were assessed. The expression of Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCXs) protein as an endogenous target in these regions was also studied. The present results indicate that administration of cannabidiol (100 and 200 ng/rat) in the MCAO-induced cerebral ischemia caused a remarkable reduction in neurological deficit, infarction, brain edema, and BBB permeability in comparison with the vehicle group. Up-regulation of NCX2 and NCX3 in cannabidiol-received groups was also observed. These findings support the view that the reduction of ischemic injuries elicited by cannabidiol can be at least partly due to the enhancement of NCX protein expression and its cerebro-protective role in those cerebral territories supplied by MCA.