Contrasting neural effects of aging on proactive and reactive response inhibition

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• 作者：Mirjam Bloemendaal^a ; ^{mirjambloemendaal@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Bram Zandbelt^a ; Joost Wegman^a ; Ondine van de Rest^b ; Roshan Cools^a ; ^c ; Esther Aarts^a
• 关键词：Functional MRI ; Healthy aging ; Reactive response inhibition ; Proactive response inhibition
• 刊名：Neurobiology of Aging
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：October 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：46
• 期：Complete
• 页码：96-106
• 全文大小：2142 K

文摘

Two distinct forms of response inhibition may underlie observed deficits in response inhibition in aging. We assessed whether age-related neurocognitive impairments in response inhibition reflect deficient reactive inhibition (outright stopping) or also deficient proactive inhibition (anticipatory response slowing), which might be particularly evident with high information load. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging in young (n = 25, age range 18–32) and older adults (n = 23, 61–74) with a stop-signal task. Relative to young adults, older adults exhibited impaired reactive inhibition (i.e., longer stop-signal reaction time) and increased blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal for successful versus unsuccessful inhibition in the left frontal cortex and cerebellum. Furthermore, older adults also exhibited impaired proactive slowing, but only as a function of information load. This load-dependent behavioral deficit was accompanied by a failure to increase blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal under high information load in lateral frontal cortex, presupplementary motor area and striatum. Our findings suggest that inhibitory deficits in older adults are caused both by reduced stopping abilities and by diminished preparation capacity during information overload.