HIV PIs stimulate HO-1 expression in endothelial cells via the ROS–Nrf2 pathway.
HIV PIs block the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells.
HIV PIs stimulate endothelial cell ICAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion.
Induction of HO-1 counters the anti-growth and inflammatory actions of HIV PIs.
HO-1 has great promise in defending endothelial function in HIV-infected patients.