- 作者：Stephen J. Greene ; Muthiah Vaduganathan ; Jane E. Wilcox ; Matthew E. Harinstein ; Aldo P. Maggioni ; Haris Subacius ; Faiez Zannad ; Marvin A. Konstam ; Ovidiu Chioncel ; Clyde W. Yancy ; Karl Swedberg ; Javed Butler ; Robert O. Bonow ; Mihai Gheorghiade ; EVEREST Trial Investigators
- 关键词：heart failure ; heart rate ; hospitalization ; mortality ; prognosis
- 刊名：JACC: Heart Failure
- 出版年：December, 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：1
- 期：6
- 页码：488-496
- 全文大小：651 K
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between heart rate and post-discharge outcomes in patients with hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) in sinus rhythm.Background
A reduction in heart rate improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and in sinus rhythm, but the association between heart rate and post-discharge outcomes in patients with HHF is presently unclear.
Methods
This post-hoc analysis of the EVEREST (Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure: Outcome Study With Tolvaptan) trial examined 1,947 patients with HHF and EF聽鈮?0% not in atrial fibrillation/flutter or pacemaker dependent.
Results
The median follow-up period was 9.9 months. At baseline, patients with a higher heart rate tended to be younger with lower EF and were more likely to have worse New York Heart Association functional class and higher natriuretic peptide levels. After adjustment for clinical risk factors, baseline heart rate was not predictive of all-cause mortality (p聽鈮?0.066). However, at聽鈮?0 beats/min, every 5-beat increase in 1-week post-discharge heart rate was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.13 [95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.22]; p聽= 0.002). Similarly, every 5-beat increase聽鈮?0 beats/min in 4-week post-discharge heart rate was predictive of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.12 [95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.19]; p聽= 0.001).
Conclusions
In this large cohort of patients with HHF with reduced EF and in sinus rhythm, baseline heart rate did not correlate with all-cause mortality. In contrast, at聽鈮?0 beats/min, higher heart rate in the early post-discharge period was independently predictive of death during subsequent follow-up. Further study of post-discharge heart rate as a potential therapeutic target in this high-risk population is encouraged.