Long-term wastewater irrigation of vegetables in real agricultural systems: Concentration of pharmaceuticals in soil, uptake and bioaccumulation in tomato fruits and human health risk assessment
The bioaccumulation of PhACs in tomato fruits due to WW irrigation was evaluated. Prolonged WW irrigation resulted in the bioaccumulation of diclofenac in fruits. PhACs found in soil and fruits varied depending on the duration of WW irrigation. The concentration of PhACs in soil and fruits was affected by the origin of used WW. The consumption of sampled fruits poses a de minimis risk to human health.