Somatic markers and explicit knowledge are both involved in decision-making
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- 作者：Sé ; bastien Guillaume ; Fabrice Jollant ; Isabelle Jaussent ; Natalia Lawrence ; Alain Malafosse ; Philippe Courtet
- 关键词：Decision-making ; Somatic marker hypothesis ; Iowa Gambling Task ; Explicit knowledge ; Learning
- 刊名：Neuropsychologia
- 出版年：2009
- 出版时间：August 2009
- 年：2009
- 卷：47
- 期：10
- 页码：2120-2124
- 全文大小：285 K
文摘
In 1994, it was proposed that decision-making requires emotion-related signals, known as somatic markers. In contrast, some authors argued that conscious knowledge of contingencies is sufficient for advantageous decision-making. We aimed to investigate the respective roles of somatic markers and explicit knowledge in decision-making. Thirty healthy volunteers performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Conscious knowledge was assessed using a sensitive questionnaire and skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded. Most participants acquired a preference for advantageous choices during the task and generated larger anticipatory SCRs before disadvantageous relative to advantageous choices. Performance on the IGT and the autonomic response were positively correlated (r = 0.38, p = 0.045). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in performance according to conscious awareness (p = 0.009). There was no significant association between level of explicit knowledge and SCR (p = 0.1). Finally, we did not find any interaction between explicit knowledge and performance although a lack of statistical power is not to be excluded. Advantageous decision-making therefore seems to be associated with two distinct, namely implicit and explicit, systems.