Clinical psychopathology in a future perspective. A synthetic model for analysis and study
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文摘
In some scientific environments it is considered that the main objective of clinical psychopathology is to describe the symptoms and syndromes (Scharfetter, Sims). Still, traditional views (Jaspers, Schneider, Janzarik) also include in this field “etiopathogenic” directions. This study wishes to gather the contributions of the last years in this field in a synthetic model. From an etiopathogenic perspective, we wish to suggest the distinction between: 1. Ground; 2. Increased vulnerability period; 3. Determinant factors, or onset factors; 4. Management factors. The interrelations between the below mention factors and theories are grouped in a synthetic model (in a matrix derived from the Sheet 2 of AMDP). These factors and theories are: a). Vulnerability/stress theory; b). Biography and life cycles (revealing the vulnerable and non-vulnerable periods related to age and endogenous bio-psychic rhythms) Life cycles are revealed not only in relation with age but also analytical differentiating between: the family cycle, professional-educational cycle, housing cycle, social cycle. c). Psycho-social influences which can play an active role in 1., 2., 3., or 4. These psycho-social influences can be differentiated in: psychotrauma; life changes implying readaptation; interpersonal stressors and exhausting psychic tasks; frustrations; failures; intrapsychic conflicts; life satisfactions, relaxation, leisure. d). Social support network and, generally, the social support. For long term cases can also be mentioned e). Compliance, treatment, patient's collaboration as cotherapist. All above mentioned factors correlate with genetic and inborne factors, and, on the other hand, with personality structure traits. Interrelations between all these aspects are indicated in the suggested matrix, from the perspective of future synthetic studies.