The monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene is an important candidate gene.
MAOA encodes an enzyme regulating the metabolism of key neurotransmitters.
The patterns of MAOA expression and DNA methylation may be involved in breed-specific or individual behavior.
The transcription levels of MAOA were also different in the brains of different dog breeds.
The differential expression and DNA methylation of MAOA may contribute to differences in behavioral phenotypes of breeds.