文摘
The shoulder is the most lax joint of the human body, and its stability is obtained by the action of the multiple surrounding structures, making surgical restoration of shoulder function a technically demanding procedure. Currently total shoulder arthroplasty has been widely accepted in the treatment of various diseases especially in rheumatoid and degenerative arthritis and fractures. As one might think, the increased number of shoulder arthroplasties has apparently led to higher revision rates, as in total hip and knee arthroplasties. The main mechanisms of failure after a primary shoulder arthroplasty are instability, component loosening, malposition, infection, and periprosthetic fracture.