Developmental shifts in children’s sensitivity to visual speech: A new multimodal picture–word task

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• 作者：Susan Jerger ; Markus F. Damian ; Melanie J. Spence ; Nancy Tye-Murray ; Herve Abdi
• 关键词：Picture– ; word task ; Audiovisual speech perception ; U-shaped developmental function ; Phonological processing ; Picture word interference ; Picture naming ; Multimodal speech processing ; Dynamic systems theory
• 刊名：Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
• 出版年：2009
• 出版时间：January 2009
• 年：2009
• 卷：102
• 期：1
• 页码：40-59
• 全文大小：278 K

文摘

This research developed a multimodal picture–word task for assessing the influence of visual speech on phonological processing by 100 children between 4 and 14 years of age. We assessed how manipulation of seemingly to-be-ignored auditory (A) and audiovisual (AV) phonological distractors affected picture naming without participants consciously trying to respond to the manipulation. Results varied in complex ways as a function of age and type and modality of distractors. Results for congruent AV distractors yielded an inverted U-shaped function with a significant influence of visual speech in 4-year-olds and 10- to 14-year-olds but not in 5- to 9-year-olds. In concert with dynamic systems theory, we proposed that the temporary loss of sensitivity to visual speech was reflecting reorganization of relevant knowledge and processing subsystems, particularly phonology. We speculated that reorganization may be associated with (a) formal literacy instruction and (b) developmental changes in multimodal processing and auditory perceptual, linguistic, and cognitive skills.