A
meta-analysis of the e
mpirical literature was conducted to exa
mine the strength of e
mpirical associations between explicit (questionnaire)
measures of self-estee
m and one of the
most frequently used i
mplicit self-estee
m measures – the Na
me-Letter Test (
me=""bbib32"">Nuttin, 1985). Results indicated that the NLT was consistently, albeit weakly, related to explicit self-estee
m measures. Also, increasing the accessibility of explicit self-estee
m (by ad
ministering the questionnaire
measure prior to the i
mplicit
measure) increased the
magnitude of association. Discussion centers on the role of psycho
metric factors in dissociations between explicit and i
mplicit self-estee
m measures. I
mplications for
measure
ment and conceptualization of self-estee
m also are discussed.