Cadmium accumulation in different rice cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars of rice

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• 作者：Hui Yu ; Junli Wang ; Wei Fang ; Jiangang Yuan ; Zhongyi Yang
• 关键词：Pollution-safe cultivar (PSC) ; Rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; Cadmium (Cd) exposure
• 刊名：Science of the Total Environment
• 出版年：2006
• 出版时间：1 November 2006
• 年：2006
• 卷：370
• 期：2-3
• 页码：302-309
• 全文大小：381 K

文摘

Large areas of contaminated land are being used for agricultural production in some countries due to the high demand for food. To minimize the influx of pollutants to the human food chain through consumption of agricultural products, we propose the concept of pollution-safe cultivars (PSCs), i.e. cultivars whose edible parts accumulate a specific pollutant at a level low enough for safe consumption, even when grown in contaminated soil. We tested the feasibility of the PSC concept by growing 43 cultivars of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L., including 20 normal and 23 hybrid cultivars) under a high (75.69–77.55 mg kg^{− 1}) and a low (1.75–1.85 mg kg^{− 1}) cadmium (Cd) exposure. These pot experiments took place in the spring and summer of 2004. At the low level of Cd exposure, 30 out of the 43 tested cultivars were found to be Cd-PSCs. Grain Cd concentrations were highly correlated (p < 0.01) between the two experiments, suggesting that Cd accumulation in rice grain is genotype-dependent and that the selection of PSCs is possible, at least at a certain level of soil contamination. No Cd-PSCs were found under the high level of Cd exposure. Yield was enhanced in some cultivars and depressed in others in response to elevated soil Cd, indicating that farmers cannot rely on yield depression as an indicator of toxicity of the grains. It is therefore important and feasible to screen for PSCs and to establish PSC breeding programs to effectively and efficiently reduce the risk of human exposure to soil pollutants, such as Cd, through crop consumption.