Studies on the genetic characteristic of Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) in China
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文摘
The Jian carp was developed through a combined breeding technique which integrated family selection, inter-line cross and gynogenesis. It demonstrates some distinguishing characteristics such as fast growth, beautiful body shape (long figure) and grayish color. Growth is higher, in both individual and group weight increment, than Hebao carp (Cyprinus carpio var. wuyanensis), Yuankiang carp (Cyprinus carpio var. yuankaing), and Heyuan carp (Hebao carp x Yuankiang carp) by 142-250 % and 154-256 % , 8-96 % and 93-100 % , 40-42 % and 42-44 % , respectively, it can grow up to market size in 1 year. Jian carp, the first artificial breed Chinese carp, is a new variety with high flesh quality, delicious taste, high nutrition, docile temperament, strong disease resistance and wide adaptability. It has a high catching rate and high feed conversion efficiency. In addition, genetic stability is above 99 % , so it can self-reproduce. The electrophoresis isoenzyme pattern shows specificity and stability. Jian carp is listed as one of the national key extension programme for scientific achievements. Since 1987, it has been extended to 26 provinces and regions in China, and resulted in a great social and economic return it is well accepted by farmers and exerts great influence in China and abroad.