Biochar colloid contained numerous oxygen function group and mineral matters.
Cr and Cd adsorption by biochar colloid was greater than that for biochar residue.
RS400 was the most effective Cr(III) and Cd(II) adsorbent.
RS300C was effective for Cr(VI) removal due to its reduction and adsorption.
Dual reaction sites were responsible for effective removal of Cr and Cd by biochar.