- 作者：Edna Grü ; nblatt ; Sonja Zehetmayer ; Jasmin Bartl ; Christiane Lö ; ffler ; Ildiko Wichart ; Michael K. Rainer ; Susanne Jungwirth ; Peter Bauer ; Walter Danielczyk ; Karl-Heinz Tragl ; Peter Riederer ; Pe
- 关键词：Alzheimer’ ; s disease ; Apolipoprotein-E ; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ; Choline-acetyltransferase ; Ciliary neurotrophic factor ; Dementia ; Depression ; Dopamine D4 Receptor ; Education ; Folic acid ; Gender ; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; Polym
- 刊名：Journal of Psychiatric Research
- 出版年：2009
- 出版时间：January 2009
- 年：2009
- 卷：43
- 期：3
- 页码：298-308
- 全文大小：193 K
ObjectivesIn ageing population, both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and depression are common. Significant depressive symptoms are often co-morbid with cognitive impairment and dementia. In this study, we attempted to find various factors and markers for both AD and depression in a longitudinal cohort, the Vienna-Transdanube-Aging (VITA)-study.Methods
The VITA-Study consisted of 305 healthy subjects, 174 subjects with depression only, 55 subjects diagnosed with AD only and 72 subjects with depression as well as AD. Associations between AD and/or depression to gene polymorphisms APO E (ε4), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) 4G to A, serotonin-transporter gene promoter-length, dopamine-D4-receptor, ciliary-neurotrophic-factor-null mutation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (C270T) and to various known factors were analyzed.
Results
AD and depression were significant associated. Significant risk factors found for AD were low education, low folic acid and depressive-symptoms, while for depression were low education and higher nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) consume. Moreover, the ChAT polymorphism associated significant to depression. Gender, education, and ChAT significantly associated with the combination AD and/or depression.
Conclusion
Such studies must be conducted cautiously, as co-morbidities and gene–environmental–social influences may sway the results dramatically. We found in the VITA-study significant association between depression and AD and between ChAT polymorphism and depression.