Emergence of MTB strains resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs constitutes a serious threat to global TB control.
TB outcome is the result of complex host–pathogen interactions as human and MTB genetic background play an important role. Whether the interaction influences the selection and expansion of drug-resistant TB represent a primary focus of this review.
We outline the main and recent findings regarding MTB determinants implicated in the development of drug resistance.
We examine data regarding human genetic factors that may play a role in TB drug resistance.
We highlight interesting openings for TB research and therapy.