The malaria and typhoid fever burden in the slums of Kolkata, India: data from a prospective community-based study
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- 作者：Dipika Sur ; Lorenz von Seidlein ; Byomkesh Manna ; Shanta Dutta ; Alok K. Deb ; Banwari Lal Sarkar ; Suman Kanungo ; Jacqueline L. Deen ; Mohammad Ali ; Deok Ryun Kim ; Vinay Kumar Gupta ; R. Leon Ochiai ; Ataru
- 关键词：Malaria ; Plasmodium vivax ; Typhoid fever ; Salmonella Typhi ; Geographic information system ; Vaccination ; India
- 刊名：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- 出版年：2006
- 出版时间：August 2006
- 年：2006
- 卷：100
- 期：8
- 页码：725-733
- 全文大小：407 K
文摘
Recent research has indicated that the malaria burden in Asia may have been vastly underestimated. We conducted a prospective community-based study in an impoverished urban site in Kolkata, India, to estimate the burden of malaria and typhoid fever and to identify risk factors for these diseases. In a population of 60 452 people, 3605 fever episodes were detected over a 12-month period. The blood films of 93 febrile patients contained Plasmodium (90 P. vivax, 2 P. falciparum and 1 P. malariae). Blood cultures from 95 patients grew Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. Malaria patients were found to be significantly older (mean age 29 years) compared with patients with typhoid fever (15 years; P < 0.001) but had similar clinical features on presentation. Having a household member with malaria, illiteracy, low household income and living in a structure not built of bricks were associated with an increased risk for malaria. Having a household member with typhoid fever and poor hygiene were associated with typhoid fever. A geographic analysis of the spatial distribution of malaria and typhoid fever cases detected high-risk neighbourhoods for each disease. Focal interventions to minimise human–vector contact and improved personal hygiene and targeted vaccination campaigns could help to prevent malaria and typhoid fever in this site.