A naturally-occurring mutation in cardiac calsequestrin (CASQ2) at amino acid 307 was discovered in a highly inbred family and hypothesized to cause Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT). The goal of this study was to establish a causal link between CASQ2D307H and the CPVT phenotype using an in vivo model.
Methods and results
Cardiac-specific expression of the CASQ2D307H transgene was achieved using the α-MHC promoter. Multiple transgenic (TG) mouse lines expressing CASQ2D307H from 2- to 6-fold possess structurally normal hearts without any sign of hypertrophy. The hearts displayed normal ventricular function. Myocytes isolated from TG mice had diminished ICa-induced Ca2+ transient amplitude and duration, as well as increased Ca2+ spark frequency. These myocytes, when exposed to isoproterenol and caffeine, displayed disturbances in their rhythmic Ca2+ oscillations and membrane potential, and delayed afterdepolarizations. ECG monitoring revealed that TG mice challenged with isoproterenol and caffeine developed complex ventricular arrhythmias, including non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
Conclusions
The findings of the present study demonstrate that expression of mutant CASQ2D307H in the mouse heart results in abnormal myocyte Ca2+ handling and predisposes to complex ventricular arrhythmias similar to the CPVT phenotype observed in human patients.