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Summary
The Tas
manian devil (
m>Sarcophilus harrisiim>), the largest
marsupial carnivore, is endangered due to a trans
missible facial cancer spread by direct transfer of living cancer cells through biting. Here we describe the sequencing, asse
mbly, and annotation of the Tas
manian devil geno
me and whole-geno
me sequences for two geographically distant subclones of the cancer. Geno
mic analysis suggests that the cancer first arose fro
m a fe
male Tas
manian devil and that the clone has subsequently genetically diverged during its spread across Tas
mania. The devil cancer geno
me contains
more than 17,000 so
matic base substitution
mutations and bears the i
mprint of a distinct
mutational process. Genotyping of so
matic
mutations in 104 geographically and te
mporally distributed Tas
manian devil tu
mors reveals the pattern of evolution and spread of this parasitic clonal lineage, with evidence of a selective sweep in one geographical area and persistence of parallel lineages in other populations.
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