Partial Agonists Activate PPARγ Using a Helix 12 Independent Mechanism

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• 作者：John B. Bruning ; Michael J. Chalmers ; Swati Prasad ; Scott A. Busby ; Theodore M. Kamenecka ; Yuanjun He ; Kendall W. Nettles ; Patrick R. Griffin
• 关键词：PROTEINS
• 刊名：Structure
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：16 October 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：15
• 期：10
• 页码：1258-1271
• 全文大小：1566 K

文摘

Binding to helix 12 of the ligand-binding domain of PPARγ is required for full agonist activity. Previously, the degree of stabilization of the activation function 2 (AF-2) surface was thought to correlate with the degree of agonism and transactivation. To examine this mechanism, we probed structural dynamics of PPARγ with agonists that induced graded transcriptional responses. Here we present crystal structures and amide H/D exchange (HDX) kinetics for six of these complexes. Amide HDX revealed each ligand induced unique changes to the dynamics of the ligand-binding domain (LBD). Full agonists stabilized helix 12, whereas intermediate and partial agonists did not at all, and rather differentially stabilized other regions of the binding pocket. The gradient of PPARγ transactivation cannot be accounted for solely through changes to the dynamics of AF-2. Thus, our understanding of allosteric signaling must be extended beyond the idea of a dynamic helix 12 acting as a molecular switch.